The Early Medical Foundations of Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud didn’t start out psychoanalyzing dreams. He started out studying the brain. After finishing secondary school in Vienna in 1873, he walked straight into...

How Ivan Pavlov’s Dog Experiments Changed Our Understanding of Behavior

Ivan Pavlov is often remembered for a hungry dog salivating at the sound of a metronome. That image is correct. It is also a...

Comment fonctionnent les prions et pourquoi le prix Nobel de 1997 était important

Stanley B. Prusiner a changé la façon dont les scientifiques envisagent l'infection. Il a découvert qu’une protéine seule peut provoquer une maladie. Pas d'ADN....

The First American Anatomy Teacher Who Faced Mob Violence

William Shippen, Jr. changed how medicine was taught in the United States. He did not just lecture. He used dissected human bodies. This was...

The Origin of Phagocytosis: How Metchnikoff Discovered Immune Defense

Élie Metchnikoff was a Russian zoologist and microbiologist whose work laid the groundwork for our understanding of the immune system. Born in 1845 near...

How Martin Rodbell Discovered G-Proteins and Changed Cell Biology

Cells talk to each other. You probably didn't think about that while you were drinking your coffee this morning, but it is happening right...

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