Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are injectable medications initially designed to lower blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes. However, these drugs have gained significant attention for their ability to promote substantial weight loss—often 10 to 20 percent or more of body weight. If you’re considering a GLP-1 medication like semaglutide (Wegovy) or tirzepatide (Zepbound), understanding both the benefits and potential drawbacks is crucial.
Cravings and “Food Noise” Will Subside
Many users report a dramatic shift in their relationship with food. Kisha Pickford, a nurse practitioner, found that GLP-1s quickly reduced her cravings and helped her reconnect with genuine hunger cues. Similarly, Mary Joye, a mental health counselor, discovered that these medications quieted the constant, intrusive thoughts about food that had plagued her for years. The ability to silence “food noise” is a key benefit for many.
Appetite Suppression Can Be Extreme
While appetite suppression is desirable for weight loss, it can also be intense. Jennifer Lynn-Pullman, a registered dietitian, found herself eating significantly less than usual after starting Wegovy. She struggled to finish meals and barely consumed 800 calories daily, raising concerns about nutrient deficiencies. To avoid this, it’s essential to consume smaller, more frequent meals rich in protein, fiber, and essential vitamins.
Stigma Surrounds GLP-1 Use
Despite their effectiveness, GLP-1 medications are sometimes met with criticism. Some accuse users of taking an “easy” or “lazy” approach to weight loss. However, as Joye points out, this stigma is misplaced. Just as people with diabetes aren’t shamed for using insulin, those who benefit from GLP-1s shouldn’t be judged for using a medication to improve their health.
Managing Side Effects Is Key
Digestive issues like nausea and diarrhea are common side effects of GLP-1 drugs. Many people discontinue treatment because of these discomforts. However, strategies like eating smaller portions, chewing thoroughly, staying hydrated, and timing injections before bedtime can help mitigate these effects. Consulting a healthcare professional experienced with GLP-1 treatment is essential.
Beyond Weight Loss: Additional Health Benefits
GLP-1 medications offer benefits beyond weight loss. Research suggests they can improve conditions like liver disease, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and sleep apnea. Lynn-Pullman, for example, saw improvements in her cholesterol levels and A1C after losing weight with Wegovy.
GLP-1s Aren’t a Quick Fix
These medications aren’t magic bullets. Sustainable results require effort. Pickford emphasizes the importance of building healthy eating habits, staying active, and seeking emotional support. Stopping GLP-1s abruptly can lead to weight regain if underlying habits aren’t addressed. Pickford’s experience of regaining weight after pausing treatment for surgery underscores this point.
The Bottom Line
GLP-1 agonists are powerful tools for weight loss, but they come with considerations. These drugs reduce cravings, suppress appetite, and can offer additional health benefits. However, side effects must be managed, and long-term success depends on sustainable lifestyle changes.
Ultimately, GLP-1 medications are best viewed as part of a comprehensive approach to health, not a standalone solution.
Editorial Sources:
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Resources:
- GLP-1 Agonists. Cleveland Clinic. July 3, 2023.
- Brennan D. Pros and Cons of GLP-1 Agonists for Weight Loss. Mayo Clinic. August 14, 2025.
- Neff T. Many People Using GLP-1 Weight Loss Drugs May Not Be Eating Enough Nutritious Food. UC Health. May 19, 2025.
- Cavender K. What Your Patients Are Hearing About GLP-1 Medications. Harvard Medical School. March 13, 2025.
- Thomsen RW et al. Real-World Evidence on the Utilization, Clinical and Comparative Effectiveness, and Adverse Effects of Newer GLP-1 RA-Based Weight-Loss Therapies. Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism. April 8, 2025.
- Gonzalez-Rellan MJ et al. The Expanding Benefits of GLP-1 Medicines. Cell Reports Medicine. July 15, 2025.
- Berg S et al. Discontinuing Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Body Habitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Obesity Reviews. April 4, 2025.
Meet Our Experts:
- Sean Hashmi, MD: Medical Reviewer, nephrologist, and obesity medicine specialist.
- Stephanie Watson: Author, freelance health writer with contributions to WebMD, AARP, and other publications
